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sintetizador_fm_para_archivos_midi_en_python [2025/01/12 20:41] – ososintetizador_fm_para_archivos_midi_en_python [2025/01/13 21:25] (current) – [Overview] oso
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-====== poly synth ======+====== Creating an FM Synthesizer in Python ======
  
  
-<code python>+===== Objective: ===== 
 + 
 +This project implements an FM (Frequency Modulation) Synthesizer in Python. The synthesizer processes MIDI files and generates audio in real-time, focusing on emulating polyphonic instruments. The project also aims to explore FM synthesis techniques and create custom audio effects for MIDI playback. 
 + 
 +===== App ===== 
 + 
 + 
 +<code python:fm_synthesizer.py>
 import mido import mido
 import numpy as np import numpy as np
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     # Example: Play only piano (Program 1) and electric piano (Program 5), [1, 5]     # Example: Play only piano (Program 1) and electric piano (Program 5), [1, 5]
     #play_midi_file("C:/Users/unapa/Downloads/DXdiag.mid", selected_instruments=[33, 78, 16, 18, 53, 27, 29, 30])     #play_midi_file("C:/Users/unapa/Downloads/DXdiag.mid", selected_instruments=[33, 78, 16, 18, 53, 27, 29, 30])
 +
 </code> </code>
  
-====== mono synth ======+===== Script Overview ===== 
 + 
 + 
 +  * **Filename:** `fm_synthesizer.py` 
 +  * **Dependencies:** `mido`, `numpy`, `sounddevice`, `time` 
 +  * **Features:** 
 +  - **FM Synth Engine:** Generates FM-based audio for MIDI notes. 
 +  - **Polyphony:** Supports multiple simultaneous notes with a configurable maximum polyphony limit. 
 +  - **MIDI Playback:** Reads and processes MIDI files to generate real-time audio. 
 +  - **Instrument Selection:** Allows filtering specific instruments for playback. 
 + 
 +===== Script Execution ===== 
 + 
 + 
 +==== FM Synthesis Engine: ==== 
 + 
 +  * **Carrier and Modulator Frequencies:** Derived from the MIDI note number. 
 +  * **Modulation Index:** Affects the timbre by varying modulation depth. 
 +  * **Envelope:** Simple attack-release envelope applied to smooth transitions. 
 + 
 +==== Polyphonic Note Handling: ==== 
 + 
 +  * **Dynamic Management:** Tracks active notes, ensuring the maximum polyphony limit isn’t exceeded. 
 +  * **Automatic Note Cleanup:** Frees resources of finished notes to manage performance. 
 + 
 +==== Real-Time Audio Playback ==== 
 + 
 +  * **Callback Architecture:** Processes audio blocks in real-time using `sounddevice`. 
 +  * **Audio Limiting:** Avoids clipping by gently limiting the output amplitude. 
 + 
 +==== MIDI Parsing: ==== 
 + 
 +  * Processes MIDI messages (e.g., `note_on`, `note_off`, `program_change`). 
 +  * Provides the option to select specific instruments via their MIDI program numbers. 
 + 
 +==== Command-Line Execution: ==== 
 + 
 +  * Modify the script to accept a MIDI file as a parameter for better flexibility. 
 +  * Example: 
 +<code>python fm_synthesizer.py example.mid</code> 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Error Handling: ==== 
 + 
 +     * Detects and reports errors during audio generation, MIDI parsing, or playback. 
 + 
 +===== Usage Example ===== 
 + 
 +To play a MIDI file (e.g. `canyon.mid`), run the script as shown below. You can optionally specify a list of instruments to filter: 
 + 
 +<code>play_midi_file("C:/temp/canyon.mid", selected_instruments=[1, 5])</code> 
 + 
 +- **Without Filtering:**   
 +   All instruments in the MIDI file will be played. 
 +    
 +- **Filtered Playback:**   
 +   Example: Play only pianos (Program 1) and electric pianos (Program 5). 
 + 
 +===== Limitations ===== 
 + 
 +1. **Simplistic Envelope:**   
 +   The attack-release envelope could be extended with sustain and decay stages for greater realism. 
 +    
 +2. **Basic Modulation:**   
 +   The FM synthesis implementation uses a fixed modulation scheme. Extending it with dynamic modulation indexes or additional oscillators could improve the tonal range. 
 + 
 +3. **No Visualization:**   
 +   Currently, the synthesizer does not include any graphical or waveform visualizations. 
 + 
 +4. **Input Handling:**   
 +   The script does not yet parse command-line arguments for file paths or instrument filters. 
 + 
 +===== Final Note ===== 
 + 
 + 
 +This FM synthesizer provides a starting point for experimenting with audio synthesis and real-time MIDI playback in Python. Its modular design makes it easy to extend with additional features, such as better envelopes, more advanced synthesis techniques, or visualization tools. 
 + 
 + 
 +====== Appendix: Monophonic Synthesizer ======   
 + 
 +This section covers a **simple mono synthesizer** that processes a single piano track from a MIDI file, synthesizing FM-based audio for each note and playing it in real time.  
  
-<code python>+<code python>  
 import mido  # For MIDI parsing import mido  # For MIDI parsing
 import numpy as np  # For waveform synthesis import numpy as np  # For waveform synthesis
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     # Example parameters for FM synthesis     # Example parameters for FM synthesis
     carrier_freq = 440 * 2**((note - 69) / 12)  # MIDI note to frequency     carrier_freq = 440 * 2**((note - 69) / 12)  # MIDI note to frequency
-    modulator_freq = carrier_freq * 2+    modulator_freq = carrier_freq * 2 + carrier_freq * 4 + carrier_freq * 6 + carrier_freq * 8
     modulation_index = 0.33     modulation_index = 0.33
          
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 midi = read_midi("C:/temp/canyon.mid") midi = read_midi("C:/temp/canyon.mid")
 process_piano_track(midi) process_piano_track(midi)
-</code>+</code>   
 + 
 +===== Overview =====   
 + 
 +  * **Purpose:** To demonstrate a basic FM synthesis-based mono synthesizer that processes MIDI piano tracks. Each note is synthesized and played one at a time.   
 +  * **Limitations:**   
 +    - **Mono Only:** The synthesizer processes and plays a single note at a time. Overlapping notes or chords are not supported.   
 +    - **No Envelope Control:** The FM synthesis does not include dynamic ADSR envelopes, which might result in abrupt starts/stops.   
 +    - **Simplistic Waveform Modulation:** Only sine waves are used as the carrier and modulator.   
 + 
 +===== Customizing the Modulation Signal =====   
 + 
 +To achieve different sound characteristics, you can modify the `fm_synth` function to generate various modulation waveforms. Here are examples:   
 + 
 +**1. Triangle Wave Modulation:**   
 +<code python>   
 +modulator = 2 * np.arcsin(np.sin(2 * np.pi * modulator_freq * t)) / np.pi * modulation_index   
 +</code>   
 + 
 +**2. Sawtooth Wave Modulation:**   
 +<code python>   
 +modulator = 2 * (t * modulator_freq - np.floor(t * modulator_freq + 0.5)) * modulation_index   
 +</code>   
 + 
 +**3. Square Wave Modulation:**   
 +<code python>   
 +modulator = np.sign(np.sin(2 * np.pi * modulator_freq * t)) * modulation_index   
 +</code>   
 + 
 +Each of these alternatives changes the timbre of the output, providing greater flexibility for sound design.   
 + 
 +===== Final Notes =====   
 + 
 +  * **Expected Behavior:** This script processes the MIDI file track by track, playing each note sequentially. It is best suited for simple piano tracks with minimal overlap between notes.   
 +  * **Recommendations:** 
 +    - Use this script for experimentation or as a starting point for more advanced synthesizer projects.   
 +    - To handle polyphony or add envelopes, consider integrating this code with the main FM synthesizer described earlier.   
 + 
 +By customizing the modulation signal and adjusting parameters like `modulation_index`, `carrier_freq`, and `modulator_freq`, you can experiment with creating unique sound textures and effects.   
sintetizador_fm_para_archivos_midi_en_python.1736714505.txt.gz · Last modified: 2025/01/12 20:41 by oso